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LM224A-LM324A
Low power quad operational amplifiers
Features

Wide gain bandwidth: 1.3 MHz Input common-mode voltage range includes ground Large voltage gain: 100 dB Very low supply current/amplifier: 375 A Low input bias current: 20 nA Low input offset voltage: 3 mV max. Low input offset current: 2 nA Wide power supply range: Single supply: +3 V to +30 V Dual supplies: 1.5 V to 15 V D SO-14 (Plastic micropackage) N DIP14 (Plastic package)
Description
These circuits consist of four independent, high gain, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers. They operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.
P TSSOP-14 (Thin shrink small outline package)
Order codes
Part number LM224AN LM224AD/ADT LM224APT LM324AN LM324AD/ADT LM324APT Temperature range Package DIP SO TSSOP (Thin shrink outline package) DIP SO TSSOP (Thin shrink outline package) Packaging Tube Tube or tape & reel Tape & reel Tube Tube or tape & reel Tape & reel
-40 C, +105 C
0 C, +70 C
September 2006
Rev 4
1/20
www.st.com 20
Contents
LM224A-LM324A
Contents
1 2 3 4 5 6 Pin connections and schematic diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Typical single-supply applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Macromodels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6.1 6.2 6.3 DIP14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 SO-14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 TSSOP14 package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
7
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
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LM224A-LM324A
Pin connections and schematic diagram
1
Pin connections and schematic diagram
Figure 1. Pin connections (top view)
Output 1 1 Inverting Input 1 2 Non-inverting Input 1 3 VCC + 4 Non-inverting Input 2 Inverting Input 2 5 6 + + + + 14 Output 4 13 Inverting Input 4 12 Non-inverting Input 4 11 VCC 10 Non-inverting Input 3 9 8 Inverting Input 3 Output 3
Output 2 7
Figure 2.
Schematic diagram (1/4 LM124)
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Absolute maximum ratings
LM224A-LM324A
2
Absolute maximum ratings
Table 1.
Symbol VCC Vi Vid Ptot Supply voltage Input voltage Differential input voltage Power dissipation: N suffix D suffix Output short-circuit duration (2) Iin Toper Tstg Tj Input current (3) Operating free-air temperature range Storage temperature range Maximum junction temperature Thermal resistance junction to ambient(4): SO14 TSSOP14 DIP14 Thermal resistance junction to case: SO14 TSSOP14 DIP14 HBM: human body model(5) ESD MM: machine model
(6) (1)
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter LM224A LM324A Unit V V V 500 400 Infinite 50 -40 to +105 0 to +70 mA C C C mW
16 or 32 -0.3 to VCC + 0.3 32 500 400
-65 to +150 150 103 100 83 31 32 33 700 150 1500
Rthja
C/W
Rthjc
C/W
V
CDM: charged device model
1. Neither of the input voltages must exceed the magnitude of VCC+ or VCC-.
2. Short-circuits from the output to VCC can cause excessive heating if VCC > 15 V. The maximum output current is approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of VCC. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous short-circuits on all amplifiers. 3. This input current only exists when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP transistor becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also NPN parasitic action on the IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op-amps to go to the VCC voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time during which an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output will set up again for input voltage higher than -0.3 V. 4. Short-circuits can cause excessive heating. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous shortcircuits on all amplifiers. These are typical values given for a single layer board (except for TSSOP which is a two-layer board). 5. Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 k resistor into pin of device. 6. Machine model ESD, a 200 pF cap is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly into the IC with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5), into pin-to-pin of device.
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LM224A-LM324A
Electrical characteristics
3
Electrical characteristics
Table 2.
Symbol
VCC+ = +5V, VCC-= Ground, Vo = 1.4V, Tamb = +25C (unless otherwise specified)
Parameter Input offset voltage (1): Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Input offset current: Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Input bias current (2): Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Large signal voltage gain: VCC+ = +15 V, RL = 2 k, Vo = 1.4 V to 11.4 V Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Supply voltage rejection ratio (Rs 10 k): VCC+ = 5 V to 30 V Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Supply current, all Amp, no load: - Tamb = +25 C VCC = +5V VCC = +30 V - Tmin Tamb Tmax VCC = +5 V VCC = +30 V Input common mode voltage range: VCC = +30 V (3) Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Common mode rejection ratio (Rs 10 k): Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax Output current source (Vid = +1 V): VCC = +15 V, Vo = +2 V Output sink current (Vid = -1 V): VCC = +15 V, Vo = +2 V VCC = +15 V, Vo = +0.2 V Min. Typ. Max. Unit
Vio
2
3 5 20 40 100 200
mV
Iio
2
nA
Iib
20
nA
Avd
50 25
100
V/mV
SVR
65 65
110
dB
ICC
0.7 1.5 0.8 1.5
1.2 3 1.2 3
mA
Vicm
0 0 70 60 20 10 12 80
VCC -1.5 VCC -2
V
CMR
dB
Isource
40 20 50
70
mA
Isink
mA A
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Electrical characteristics Table 2.
Symbol
LM224A-LM324A
VCC+ = +5V, VCC-= Ground, Vo = 1.4V, Tamb = +25C (unless otherwise specified)
Parameter High level output voltage VCC = +30 V, RL = 2 k Tamb = +25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Min. Typ. Max. Unit
26 26 27 27 3.5 3
27
V
VOH
VCC = +30 V, RL = 10 k Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax VCC = +5 V, RL = 2 k Tamb = +25 C Tmin Tamb Tmax
28
V
V
VOL
Low level output voltage (RL = 10k): Tamb = +25C Tmin Tamb Tmax Slew rate: , VCC = 15 V, Vi = 0.5 to 3 V, RL = 2 k CL = 100 pF, unity gain Gain bandwidth product: VCC = 30 V, f =100 kHz, Vin = 10 mV, RL = 2 k , CL = 100pF Total harmonic distortion: f = 1kHz, Av = 20dB, RL = 2k, Vo = 2Vpp, CL = 100pF, VCC = 30V Equivalent input noise voltage: f = 1 kHz, Rs = 100 , VCC = 30 V Input offset voltage drift Input offset current drift
5
20 20
mV
SR
0.4
V/s
GBP
1.3
MHz
THD
0.015
%
en DVio DIio
40 7 10 120 30 200
nV ----------Hz
V/C pA/C dB
Vo1/Vo2 Channel separation(4) - 1kHz f 20 kHZ
1. Vo = 1.4 V, Rs = 0 , 5 V < VCC+ < 30 V, 0 < Vic < VCC+ - 1.5 V
2. The direction of the input current is out of the IC. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the output so there is no load change on the input lines. 3. The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3 V. The upper end of the common-mode voltage range is VCC+ - 1.5 V, but either or both inputs can go to +32 V without damage. 4. Due to the proximity of external components, ensure that there is no coupling originating from stray capacitance between these external parts. Typically, this can be detected at higher frequencies because this type of capacitance increases.
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LM224A-LM324A
Electrical characteristics
Figure 3.
Input bias current vs. ambient temperature
INPUT BIAS CURRENT versus AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Figure 4.
Current limiting
IB (nA)
24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0
-55-35-15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 5.
Input voltage range
Figure 6.
Supply current
Figure 7.
Gain bandwidth product
Figure 8.
Common mode rejection ratio
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Electrical characteristics
LM224A-LM324A
Figure 9.
Input bias current vs. ambient temperature
INPUT BIAS CURRENT versus AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
Figure 10. Current limiting
IB (nA)
24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0
-55-35-15 5 25 45 65 85 105 125 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 11. Input voltage range
Figure 12. Supply current
Figure 13. Gain bandwidth product
Figure 14. Common mode rejection ratio
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LM224A-LM324A Figure 15. Electrical curves
Electrical characteristics
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Electrical characteristics
LM224A-LM324A
Figure 16. Input current
Figure 17. Large signal voltage gain
Figure 18. Power supply & common mode rejection ratio
Figure 19. Voltage gain
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LM224A-LM324A
Typical single-supply applications
4
Typical single-supply applications
Figure 21. High input Z adjustable gain DC instrumentation amplifier
Figure 20. AC coupled inverting amplifier
if R1 = R5 and R3 = R4 = R6 = R7
1 e0 = 1 + ----------- (e2 -e1) R 2 2R
As shown e0 = 101 (e2 - e1).
Figure 22. AC coupled non inverting amplifier
Figure 23. DC summing amplifier
e0 = e1 +e2 -e3 -e4 Where (e1 +e2) (e3 +e4) to keep e0 0V
Figure 24. Non-inverting DC gain
Figure 25. Low drift peak detector
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Typical single-supply applications
LM224A-LM324A
Figure 26. Active bandpass filter
Figure 27. High input Z, DC differential amplifier
R R 1 4 For ------- = ------R R 2 3 (CMRR depends on this resistor ratio match)
Fo = 1kHz Q = 50 Av = 100 (40dB)
e0
1 + R4 R ------- 3
(e2 - e1)
As shown e0 = (e2 - e1)
Figure 28. Using symmetrical amplifiers to reduce input current (general concept)
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LM224A-LM324A
Macromodels
5
Note:
Macromodels
Please consider the following before using this macromodel: All models are a trade-off between accuracy and complexity (i.e. simulation time). Macromodels are not a substitute to breadboarding; rather, they confirm the validity of a design approach and help to select surrounding component values. A macromodel emulates the nominal performance of a typical device within specified operating conditions (i.e. temperature, supply voltage, etc.). Thus the macromodel is often not as exhaustive as the datasheet, its purpose is to illustrate the main parameters of the product. Data issued from macromodels that is used outside of the specified conditions (VCC, temperature, etc.) or even worse, outside of the device operating conditions (VCC, Vicm, etc.) is not reliable in any way. ** Standard Linear Ics Macromodels, 1993. ** CONNECTIONS : * 1 INVERTING INPUT * 2 NON-INVERTING INPUT * 3 OUTPUT * 4 POSITIVE POWER SUPPLY * 5 NEGATIVE POWER SUPPLY .SUBCKT LM124 1 3 2 4 5 ******************************************************* .MODEL MDTH D IS=1E-8 KF=3.104131E-15 CJO=10F * INPUT STAGE CIP 2 5 1.000000E-12 CIN 1 5 1.000000E-12 EIP 10 5 2 5 1 EIN 16 5 1 5 1 RIP 10 11 2.600000E+01 RIN 15 16 2.600000E+01 RIS 11 15 2.003862E+02 DIP 11 12 MDTH 400E-12 DIN 15 14 MDTH 400E-12 VOFP 12 13 DC 0 VOFN 13 14 DC 0 IPOL 13 5 1.000000E-05 CPS 11 15 3.783376E-09 DINN 17 13 MDTH 400E-12 VIN 17 5 0.000000e+00 DINR 15 18 MDTH 400E-12 VIP 4 18 2.000000E+00 FCP 4 5 VOFP 3.400000E+01 FCN 5 4 VOFN 3.400000E+01 FIBP 2 5 VOFN 2.000000E-03 FIBN 5 1 VOFP 2.000000E-03 * AMPLIFYING STAGE
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Macromodels FIP 5 19 VOFP 3.600000E+02 FIN 5 19 VOFN 3.600000E+02 RG1 19 5 3.652997E+06 RG2 19 4 3.652997E+06 CC 19 5 6.000000E-09 DOPM 19 22 MDTH 400E-12 DONM 21 19 MDTH 400E-12 HOPM 22 28 VOUT 7.500000E+03 VIPM 28 4 1.500000E+02 HONM 21 27 VOUT 7.500000E+03 VINM 5 27 1.500000E+02 EOUT 26 23 19 5 1 VOUT 23 5 0 ROUT 26 3 20 COUT 3 5 1.000000E-12 DOP 19 25 MDTH 400E-12 VOP 4 25 2.242230E+00 DON 24 19 MDTH 400E-12 VON 24 5 7.922301E-01 .ENDS The values provided in Table 3 are derived from this macromodel. Table 3.
Symbol Vio Avd Icc Vicm VOH VOL Ios GBP SR RL = 2 k (VCC RL = 10 k Vo = +2 V, VCC = +15 V RL = 2 k, CL = 100 pF RL = 2 k, CL = 100 pF
+=15
LM224A-LM324A
Vcc+ = +15V, Vcc- = 0V, Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
Conditions Value 0 RL = 2 k No load, per amplifier 100 350 0 to +13.5 V) +13.5 5 +40 1.3 0.4 Unit mV V/mV A V V mV mA MHz V/s
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LM224A-LM324A
Package mechanical data
6
Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a Lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
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Package mechanical data
LM224A-LM324A
6.1
DIP14 package
Plastic DIP-14 MECHANICAL DATA
mm. DIM. MIN. a1 B b b1 D E e e3 F I L Z 1.27 3.3 2.54 0.050 8.5 2.54 15.24 7.1 5.1 0.130 0.100 0.51 1.39 0.5 0.25 20 0.335 0.100 0.600 0.280 0.201 1.65 TYP MAX. MIN. 0.020 0.055 0.020 0.010 0.787 0.065 TYP. MAX. inch
P001A
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LM224A-LM324A
Package mechanical data
6.2
SO-14 package
SO-14 MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. A a1 a2 b b1 C c1 D E e e3 F G L M S 3.8 4.6 0.5 8.55 5.8 1.27 7.62 4.0 5.3 1.27 0.68 0.149 0.181 0.019 8.75 6.2 0.35 0.19 0.5 45 (typ.) 0.336 0.228 0.050 0.300 0.157 0.208 0.050 0.026 0.344 0.244 0.1 mm. MIN. TYP MAX. 1.75 0.2 1.65 0.46 0.25 0.013 0.007 0.019 0.003 MIN. inch TYP. MAX. 0.068 0.007 0.064 0.018 0.010
8 (max.)
PO13G
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Package mechanical data
LM224A-LM324A
6.3
TSSOP14 package
TSSOP14 MECHANICAL DATA
mm. DIM. MIN. A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e K L 0 0.45 0.60 0.05 0.8 0.19 0.09 4.9 6.2 4.3 5 6.4 4.4 0.65 BSC 8 0.75 0 0.018 0.024 1 TYP MAX. 1.2 0.15 1.05 0.30 0.20 5.1 6.6 4.48 0.002 0.031 0.007 0.004 0.193 0.244 0.169 0.197 0.252 0.173 0.0256 BSC 8 0.030 0.004 0.039 MIN. TYP. MAX. 0.047 0.006 0.041 0.012 0.0089 0.201 0.260 0.176 inch
A
A2 A1 b e K c L E
D
E1
PIN 1 IDENTIFICATION
1
0080337D
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LM224A-LM324A
Revision history
7
Revision history
Table 4.
Date 1-Mar-2001 1-Feb-2005 1-Jun-2005 25-Sep-2006
Document revision history
Revision 1 2 3 4 First Release Added explanation of Vid and Vi limits in Table 1 on page 4. Updated macromodel. ESD protection inserted in Table 1 on page 4. Editorial update. Changes
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LM224A-LM324A
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